Evaluation of the Relationship between Fracture Distribution in the Mid-Face and Mandible and the Reasons for Accidents and Epidemiological Factors Affecting These Fractures

 The cause and incidence of the maxillofacial fractures changes according to the mechanism of the injury and demographic factors. Detecting the possible relationship between the causes of the accident and the most common bone areas that usually affected by that specific accident, can be helpful in faster and easier diagnosis of the type of possible injury in traumatic patient. So the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the distribution of midface and mandibular fracture areas and the causes of the accident and also investigation of the epidemiological factors.

 This is a retrospective descriptive study and datas were analyzed with Chi-square and Fisher exact analysis tests with SPSS 16 (95% CI).

 This study was done on 216 patients with a total of 249 midface and mandibular fractures. The ratio of males to females was 7.1. The age range was 5 to 82 years (mean 29 years). Most fractures were related to midface (50.6%) and in age range 20-30 years old. distribiution of Fractures in age groups (p value < 0.027), distribiution of accident causes in two generic groups(p value < 0.001), distribiution of accident causes in separation of midface from mandibular fractures in two generic groups(p value < 0.0001, p value < 0.002, p value < 0.001) and distribiution of treatment process in separation of midface from mandibular fractures (p value < 0.0001) were statistically significant. Distribution of accident causes in age groups (p value < 0.0001) and in separation of midface from mandibular fractures, was only significant in midface. The most frequent cause of fractures in males was motor cycle accident and in females was car accidents .Nasal is the most common fracture site of the midface (46.25%) and body (61.23%), parasymphysis (18.52%) and angle(16.2%) are the most common fracture sites of mandible. Angle and zmc were most fractured in fight, parasymphysis was most fractured in falling and other causes are mostly lead to a broken nose.

 Having the Knowledge about the sites that are most commonly fractured in every accident, can helps the clinician in recognizing the sites that should pay more attention to them.