Revisiting the History of Hadith According to the Written Transferring of Hadith: Searching for the backgrounds of "source-based validation" of the hadith

With the emergence of the concept of hadith in the first century AH, the validation of hadith was also taken into account. Today it is thought that the only component that Muslim scholars have used to assess the validity of hadiths has been the Rejali validation. This article introduces another component of the validation of hadith that has long been considered among the traditions and can be called the "source-based" validation of hadith. In order to prove the existence of this component amongst the early muslims, We first study the role of the written transferring of hadith in the Muslims. In the second step, inspired by the textual criticism, we formulated this component and divide it into two stages: internal and external validation. and by examining historical evidence, we show both stages of source-based validation among Earlier Imami traditions existed, especially in the third to fifth centuries AH, but among the Sunni traditions, due to existing limitations, only external validation was used and their source-based validation was defective