A Review on Important Poultry Feed Mycotoxins, their Pathogene-sity and Methods of Combating

Mycotoxins are chemical compounds produced by fungi in the agricultural products that pose a serious threat to animals and humans health. The most important mycotoxins are aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, ochratoxin a, T2 toxin, and fumonisin B1. The presence of these mycotoxins in animal diets could impair feed conversion ratio, mortality rate, increased production costs, and ultimately reduced production efficiency in the poultry industry. Methods of inhibiting mycotoxins are including dietary application of mineral adsorbents, organic adsorbents, microorganisms, microbial metabolites, and plant bioactive compounds in individual or combination forms. These compounds inhibit the myctoxins through chelationg, degradation, biotransformation, or enhancing the liver function and the immune system against mycotoxins toxicity. Due to the differences in the chemical nature of each mycotoxins, considering the different inhibitory mechanisms in mycotoxin inhibitors in mandatory. Hence, the use of broad-spectrum mycotoxins inhiboitors seems to be necessary to eliminate wide variety of mycotoxins in poultry diets.