A Critical Evaluation of Science General Understanding Models :Use Practice to be Aware of Theories

Complex scientific issues are an inseparable part of modern societies and are continuously debated in the public sphere. Consequently, a basic understanding of these complex issues should be possible for all individuals.  In democratic societies, a general understanding of science is important in correct process of policy-making about controversial scientific topics. Recognizing the importance of the ethical, legal, and social dimensions of new scientific developments, the federal government of USA over the last 20 years has made information activities and public understanding of science as a mandatory component of federally funded projects. The essential assumption behind these communicational projects is that greater access to information will lead to more knowledge about ethical, legal, and social issues.  This matter in turn will lead to enhanced individualsand communitiesability to deal with these issues. In this paper, a case study approach is used as a basis for evaluating theoretical models of science development to understand the relationship between these models and real-world activities