Allocation of Rights in Works Created by Contractual Relations or Employment

Ownership of economic and moral rights of work to creator is the first assumption of any intellectual work. However, this assumption does not have any fix station about works created in employment agreements, and also academic works. In some legal systems (especially in common law countries such as United States of America) first principle is the allocation of rights to the employer/university, whereas in some other (Roman law systems), this assumption vice versa is true. Many employers in United States of America defined three models including work made for hire, substantial use of employer resources and contract to allocate rights to employer. Other method that is not so famous is joint ownership. It means division of rights between creator and employer/university.