A review on the models and evaluating tests of the spinal cord injury in rats

Functional improvement is the major goal of therapeutic intervention in animal models of different diseases. To test therapeutic approaches of spinal cord injury (SCI), it is essential to produce an appropriate SCI animal model. In this model, the pathophysiological processes and histological alterations should be similar to humans. Most of the mechanisms for drug effect in SCI in human and animal spinal cord seems to be similar. The main types of experimental models of SCI with various applications have been reviewed. In the next step, behavioral tests to assess spinal cord injuries were mentioned.

Choosing an appropriate SCI model is crucial for the accuracy of investigations. The validity of any behavioral test depends on the reliability, authenticity, and universality. In this article, besides the illustration of different models and evaluating tests of spinal injury, selection criteria, as well as advantages and disadvantages, are discussed.