Modeling the behavior of choosing a field and the role of labor market information in it. meta-analysis

Choosing an education field is individually one of the most important decisions of life; and from the perspective of the educational system and the labor market is an important social-economic process. Due to the effects of this decision, research in domain of modeling, identifying the factors affecting the choice of field and determining the weight of various factors, determining the optimality of choices from the perspective of labor market needs and finally designing and evaluating methods to eliminate mismatch between the field of study and job is very important. But this field of research in Iran is very neglected and lags behind in terms of analytical framework and method. For this reason, the question that what modeling frameworks, research methods, and policies are in place to address the field-job mismatch was selected as the central issue of the research and based on this, previous studies were categorized and analyzed. In general, three macro approaches were identified in modeling the behavior of the field selection; Modeling approach, investing in human capital approach and the mismatch approach. An examination of empirical research based on all three approaches shows that there is always a serious divergence between the outcome of discipline choice behavior and labor market needs. According to the results of meta-analysis, this gap has existed seriously over time and between different countries, even developed countries. Therefore, based on global experiences, various political interventions have been categorized and suggested to solve this problem.