A Study of Transition from Babieh Millennium Utopia to a New Utopia Using Karl Mannheim's Ideals

The main goal of this article is to study how Iranian society crossed from the millennium utopian ideas towards liberal utopian ideas. The ideas which helped form the sociology of the Constitutional Revolution. To this end, we reviewed four types of Karl Mannheim's ideals, which are about the formation of a new utopia from the late middle ages to the new and modern era. The research data was obtained from the Iranian’s itineraries from their trips to the European countries. The results were analyzed using the phenomenology approach. They indicate that the Qajarid’s itineraries to Europe have the elements of a new and liberal utopia and played a role opposed ideologically to that era’s social structures. Such ideas and works could lay a foundation for the new utopia by laying aside the Babieh millennium utopia and introducing the European utopia to the Iranian society. The utopia was based on a new understanding of Iranian society from the progress and development concepts and prepared their sociological and insightful minds for the formation of the Constitutional era.