Identification of Factors and Spatial Zoning of the Security Instability Situation in Rural Borderlands (Case Study: Marivan County)

in the current applied research, we tried by using a descriptive-analytical method with a comprehensive approach in two parts: quantitative-qualitative, with descriptive-analytic data, using semi-structured interviews and descriptive documents, and distribution of questionnaires among 50 experts in the field of development and security of Marivan city by means of using snowball method and 300 villagers, which determined by using Cochrane methodology, identifying the factors of city security instability and in the next step, solutions are identified to solve the identified problems and move the city in the path of security sustainability. It should be noted that the questionnaires were distributed among the villages and households in selected villages, which were selected by lottery method in each rural district. The analysis of data in the qualitative section by using the fundamental theory technique and in the quantitative part by using inferential tests (single-sample t-test and chi-square) and interpolation methods in the Arc GIS environment indicted that components of lack of performance in the mass media, lack of law enforcement performance, social-cultural deficiencies, economic failures, weaknesses in the laws and functioning of institutions, weaknesses in the field of environment -also, weakness in the status of services, facilities and problems in the external area are the most important insecurity factors in the rural areas. Also, the spatial zonation of the security instability situation indicates that there is a spatial difference such as near-border villages in the low security insecurity, central villages with moderate instability and eastern villages with high security instability.