Investigate the antimicrobial activity and synergistic effects of Zataria multiflora, Salvia verticillata and Froriepia subpinnata ethanolic extracts on bacterial vegetables decay

The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract Zataria multiflora, Salvia verticillata, Froriepia subpinnata on Pectobacterium carotovorum and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.An experiment was conducted at the in vitro condition. The extracts were prepared by the maceration method.The antimicrobial activities were investigated using the micro broth dilution method and by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and also their synergistic properties.Variables included extract types, different concentrations of extracts and bacterial strains.The minimum inhibitory concentration of Z. multiflora varied between 3.12 to 6.25 mg/mL; that of S. verticillata extract was between 12.3 and 25 mg/mL, and for the F. subpinnata was 12.5 to 25 mg/mL.The combined use of the extract of Z. multiflora and S. verticillata showed that there was an antagonistic effect between the two extracts in the case of P. carotovorum and synergic effect for P. aeruginosa.The results of the combined use of extracts of Z. multiflora and F. subpinnata and checkerboard dilution Modified(FIC) assay showed a synergic effect on P. carotovorum and antagonistic effect on P. aeruginosa.The combined use of the S. verticillata and F. subpinnata showed a synergic effect on both bacterial strains (0.54). A comparison of the results of inhibitory effects revealed that Z. multiflora extract had more potent antibacterial activity than S. verticillata and F. subpinnata. P. carotovorum was more sensitive than P. aeruginosa.FIC analysis showed that in the studied bacteria the combined application of S. verticillata and F. subpinnata extracts had better results than other combined extracts.