The effects of deprivation on social well-being in Urban Slums (case of study: the city of Mashhad)

In this study, the welfare status of residents of slums and marginaized areas of the city of Mashhad was investigated and it was hypothesized that the sense of relative deprivation of residents in distressed areas affects the perceived well-being of this group. In this study, the social welfare theory of Keys and Gur and the views of Bella and Chafts on deprivation were used as the theoretical framework. The method of study was descriptive and analytical and the required data were gathered via a questionnaire. The research population consisted of about one million and five hundred thousand people living in the slums of Mashhad, of which a sample of 384 people were selected as the sample by a cluster technique. The results showed that the respondents had a somewhat high sense of deprivation (142.41) and a low level of social welfare (122) and the relationship between items and components of deprivation with social welfare and its dimensions among the sample were significant and inverse. Interpretation of the results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the variables of deprivation of citizenship rights in economic, social and legal dimensions entered the equation in 3 stages and finally explained about 22% of the changes in the dependent variable, i.e. social welfare. Overall, the evaluation of the findings showed that the present research model had a relatively good explanatory and predictive power and in order to achieve sustainable development, the feeling of marginalization should be reduced.