Identifying e-governance criteria in higher education (Case study: Qazvin Islamic Azad university)

implementing e-governance in the field of education helps educational institutions and universities to be prepared to meet the challenges posed by globalization and international and scientific competition and technological advancement regarding world-level up-to-date and efficient management standards to include required productivity and effectiveness. The main goal of e-governance in education is to improve the quality level of education. Universities are among the organizations which are suitable for implementing e-governance due to the expanding interactions with students. Reviewing the existing literature in this regard reveals that this field of study is developing, but the number of completely related literature is less than enough and also depicts the number of six researches that are only somehow related to the research topic. Now, it can be said that the purpose of this study is to identify the indicators of e-governance in higher education and in particular the Islamic Azad University of Qazvin.

The present research is a descriptive-survey research in terms of research method and practical in terms of purpose. Data was collected by two library methods and semi-structured interviews with experts. First of all, the results and data from library studies and previous research, as well as, data obtained in semi-structured interviews with experts were carried out in MAXQDA qualitative data analysis software. In the next phase, first the open coding was done and then, the acquired open codes were classified under more abstract and general classes and the central coding was conducted. In this stage, 66 indicators, 5 dimensions and 9 components were extracted. In the next step, Delphi technique was applied to measure the validity of the obtained indicators, and as a result 59 indicators, 5 dimensions and 9 components were finally approved by experts. Descriptive statistics were used to study and analyze the Delphi technique, and finally the research model was extracted using selective coding.

In this study, first all the data obtained from library studies, interviews with experts and extracting indicators were coded and then their validity was measured using Delphi method. Finally after the selective coding stage, the research model was obtained including 59 indicators, 5 dimensions (electronic participation, electronic interaction, electronic services, automatic office system (automation) and electronic management) and also 9 components including (electronic information, consulting and electronic exchange, university electronic interaction with other stakeholders, electronic interaction of beneficiaries together, e-learning, software services, ICT investment and registration and tracking system and also comprehensive and centralized system).

The results obtained from the three stages of Delphi technique demonstrated that from the experts' point of view, the indicators of "performing and following all online administrative, educational, financial and graduation affairs ", "electronic information through university portal to students", "allocating a percentage of  The university's revenue to developing the electronic infrastructures”, "high-speed Internet access throughout the university's affiliated units," and "e-performance appraisal” were of the utmost importance.