Effects of Exercise Training on Response of Covid-19- Like Vaccines in Older Adults; a Brief Report

The 2019 outbreak of coronavirus (covid-19) infections, which began in China in late 2019, is growing rapidly and the disease has spread worldwide. Studies have shown that the elderly have a higher risk of Covid-19 infection and death than others in the community. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exercise on the response to Covid-19-like vaccines in the elderly. Aging is associated with a decline in the normal function of the immune system. Among prevention methods, vaccination is the main drug strategy to reduce the incidence and severity of viral diseases. It is noteworthy that the most vulnerable populations in the community who experience the most severe cases of Covid-19 disease are those who show a decrease in the effectiveness of the vaccine. Reasons for reduced flu vaccine reactions in the elderly may be due to immune aging and chronic disease. The data show that humoral and cellular immune responses after vaccination are low in the elderly. Decreased efficacy of the vaccine may be related to decreased antibody response. The response of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to viral infections and vaccination in the elderly is also impaired. Chronic exercise is also associated with several anti-influenza benefits, including reducing the risk of influenza and increasing the effectiveness of the vaccine. In active elderly, anti-influenza IgG and IgM and influenza-specific lymphocyte proliferation are higher than in sedentary individuals. Therefore, it is recommended that the elderly do training exercise to increase the effectiveness of the vaccines.