A Critical Application of the Theory of "Enda" Pictorial Schemasin the Holy Qur’an within Cognitive Semantics

Cognition as one of the most important perceptual powers of humans is used by God in making Qur’anic issues understandable. Visual schemas are repetitive and dynamic patterns of human perceptual and sensory-motor interaction and are composed of meaningful experiences, in a way that they are highly used in their relations with the environment. The word "enda", which is equivalent to the English word "near" and conveys the concept of proximity, has different metaphorical uses in the Qur’an. In the present descriptive-analytical study, besides counting its metaphorical applications, schemas of the word "enda" in the Qur’an, which have the potential to be visualized by the audience and convey special meanings, were categorized. According to the research findings, the basic schemas compatible with the word "enda" include directional, inhibition, unity, proximity, force, and existence. The basic schema of "prominence" and the subtitle "linear schema (two-way directional)" is one of the innovative results of this article. It should be noted that the originality of the category of pictorial schemas within the boundaries of metaphysical concepts in the Qur’an should be confirmed carefully and sensitively, and in the interpretation of ayahs, the virtual nature of the applications should be emphasized and analyzed.