Evaluation of vegetation role and climatic factors of southern plains of alborz in spatial and temporal distribution of dust phenomenon

Most of the studies on dust storms are concentrated in the western-eastern provinces of the country and less research has been done in other parts of Iran. In this research, some of the southern plains of Alborz; which have the potential to produce dust were selected. Daily data of 18 meteorological stations with long-term statistical period from 2008 to 2017 and to calculate the indicators of agricultural drought, MOD13Q1 and MOD11A1 products were used in the same period. Standardized precipitation index and standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index were calculated and from the dust hourly meteorological codes, the experimental dust storm index was obtained. Then the relationships between climatic indices, vegetation and experimental index of dust storm were investigated using Pearson correlation and multivariate regression statistical method. The highest frequency of DSI index during 10 years is related to Imam Khomeini station with a value of 30.5 and the lowest is Taleghan station with 0.05. The Year-on-year changes in the dust index show that in the early years, the central and southeastern parts of the region were affected by dust storms, and sudden decrease had a significant effect on the results and reduced the long-term trend. The highest and the lowest correlation is respectively wind speed and Temperatur .Regarding the results of monthly multivariate regression, are somewhat variable in different months of the year, so that the effect of climatic elements and vegetation changes in different months, in general wind speed, TCI and SPEI have the most important effect on increasing