Public-Private Partnership Framework in Tourism Based on Meta-synthesis of Previous Works

Public-private partnerships have been a concern for researchers in a variety of fields, including the tourism industry. On the one hand, limited resources, lack of capital, lack of expertise, lack of access to manpower, etc., and on the other hand, the duty of governments to meet public needs has led governments to view the private sector as a significant partner. Meanwhile, what is certain is that recognizing the different dimensions of this partnership between the private and public sectors will increase their chances of success in any industry - including tourism. From this perspective, the aim of this study is to provide a framework for public-private partnership in tourism based on the findings of previous works. The best way to integrate the interpretations of previous findings is Meta-synthesis. Therefore, this method was utilized by following six steps. The statistical population of this study was the studies conducted in the field of tourism private public-private partnership, which identified by searching in the top related databases; 244 articles were available. After that, the articles were screened based on the title, abstract and content. Finally, the text of the selected articles (41 articles) was analyzed and coded using MAXQDA10 software. The findings showed that a set of factors affecting public-private participation in tourism can be considered in the form of two main categories of internal and external factors. Internal factors are directly related factors to public-private partnership. Internal factors include concepts such as the content of the partnership, the stakeholders, the goals, the duties of each party, and their interests. But external factors are controllable and not directly involved. External factors include technological-information factors, socio-cultural factors, legal factors, financial-economic factors, environmental factors and political-governmental factors.