Representation of the Idea of Progress in Ahmad, the Talibov's BookWith Laclau and Mouffe’s Theory of discourse

Representation of the Idea of Progress in Ahmad, the Talibov's BookWith Laclau and Mouffe’s Theory of discourseAbstractThis article examines the representation of the idea of progress in constitutional literature through the discourse analysis of Ahmad, Talibov Tabrizi’s book. It demonstrates that how, with the nodal point of "progressive industrialization” in the discourse of technological progress, society moves towards an "ideal society". This requires fundamental changes in "the education of children" and teach them "science of the modern nations." At the same time, with the establishment of factories and companies, "public wealth" increases, and the country compensates for its deficiency in "science" and "wealth." The idea of progress was examined in four respects: rationalism, generalism, the role of government, and the contrast between what is and what should be. It was shown that Talibov believed in the primacy of instrumental reason as the driving force of society. The historical backwardness of society in relation to Western civilization, which can be compensated by the help of an efficient and lawful government. The main contributors to the progress are "patriotic engineers", "patriotic scholars" and "full effort believers" and they must defend the honor of the homeland against Western colonialism.