Effect of tillage, crop residues and phosphorus consumption on chickpea grain yield in dry land conditions

This experiment was conducted in strip split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in three cropping seasons 2014-17 in Three regions in Kermanshah province (Mahidasht in first year, Sarabnilofar in second year and Sararood in third year). Plant residual was horizontal factor with three levels: No residual, 1 and 2 ton.ha-1 plant residues, tillage system contains three levels No-tillage (direct planting), Minimum tillage (by chisel plow) and conventional tillage (by Moldboard plow) was main plot and phosphorous fertilizer with two levels (no fertilizer and 30kg.ha-1 P2O5) was sub plot that were vertical factors. Results showed that chickpea grain yield increased by increasing plant residues so grain yield of one and two tone.ha-1 of plant residues treatments had higher grain yield than no residual treatment. Effect of tillage system on chickpea grain yield was different in years with different climatically conditions. Mean comparison of phosphorous fertilizer levels showed grain yield of chickpea in apply 30kg.ha-1 P2O5 was higher than no application of phosphorous. Economic analysis showed the highest benefit to cost ratio (3.82) obtained by minimum tillage (chisel) with 1 ton.ha-1 plant residue and no application of phosphorous treatment.