An empirical analysis of the thoughts of John Rawls and Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr on economic justice: an experimental economics approach

Different people, schools, and communities have always paid considerable attention to justice, because it lies deep in the nature of human beings; as a result, numerous theories have been formulated about justice. This study aims to examine the tendency of people toward the economic justice theories of Shahid Sadr and John Rawls via an experiment on 150 students of the universities in Tehran. The results attached more credibility to Shahid Sadr Justice Theory concerning different decision-making situations (without self-interest (third parties), with self-interest, dictator). The findings of the empirical experiment, conducted based on the Logit Model, showed that the variables of income, age, and social class have a positive, significant effect, and the variable of ownership has a negative, significant effect on people continuing to adopt Shahid Sadr Theory in situations with self-interest compared to those without self-interest. The marginal effects of the variables of age, income, social class, and ownership are 0.039681%, 0.172866%, 2.202202%, and -0,542678%, respectively.