Investigating the Roots of the Islamic Revolution: The Americanization of the Shah's Foreign Policy (Nixon's two-pronged policy)

This article examines the causes and manner of "dependence" in the foreign policy of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi with emphasis on the Nixon-Kissinger bipartisan policy. The main hypothesis of the article is that the Shah's foreign policy in the doctrine in question was based on the Shah's conception of national identity and the formation of a national government, which led to the alliance and full dependence on the United States and eventually the fall of this government. The research data show that the Shah tried to form a national and unified national government based on the three elements of secularism, archeology and westernism in a bipolar world. Such a government, in the Shah's view, required full armaments through the United States, which was achieved, especially after the Nixon Doctrine. This was ultimately one of the heels of the second Pahlavi Achilles and the revolutionaries' criticism of it, which led to the fall of the monarchy and the victory of the Islamic Revolution. The research method in this article is qualitative descriptive-analytical and the data has been collected and analyzed through library and receipt.