Effect of fourth generation of mobile phone standards (4G) on spermatogenesis and testis tissue of NMRI rats

Widespread consumption of cell phones is the most crucial risk factor f human health in the age of technology. This study aimed to explore the effects of 4G mobile phone radiation on the level of spermatogenesis in male rats in 30 days.

In this laboratory experimental study, the male NMRI rats were divided into 3 groups: the control group (without exposure to 4G mobile phone for 30 days continuously), the sham group (exposure to 4G mobile phones, but no call within 30 days), and the experimental group (exposure to 4G cellular mobile (SAR=0.482 W/Kg, 1800 MHZ) during calls in progress for 30 days). All rats were sacrificed after 30 days and their organs (testicular and epididymis) were separated.

The mean spermatid count and the mean leydig cells count was decreased significantly (p < 0.001) after exposure time. However, the mean count of spermatogonia was not changed, significantly. Also, the study of micrographs indicated the morphology of testis and epididymis changed. The testicular size changed (p < 0.001), however, the testicular weight was not changed, significantly.

The exposure of 4G mobile waves decreased spermatogenesis. Our results warrant further inquiries on the potential effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) from mobile phones on male fertility.