Determination and Comparison of Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Water, Methanolic, Ethanolic and Hexane Extracts from Different Parts of Perovskia abrotanoides Karel.

Perovskia abrotanoides Karel. is one of native medicinally valuable plant, which is important for the presence of significant amount of antioxidant compounds, used for antimicrobial effects among indigenous people in Northeast of Iran. The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activities (AA) and total phenolic content (TPC) and IC50 (by using concentrations of 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 ppm, as compared to the standard ascorbic acid) changes in different extraction solvents (methanol, ethanol, hexane and water), extract concentration and plant parts (flower, shoot and leaf) of P. abrotanoides Karel. The wild-growing plants were harvested at full flowering stage, in October 2016, dissected into flower, shoot and leaf tissues, which were dried. Dried and powdered plant materials were extracted by maceration using different solvents. The results showed, that the greatest and the lowest of TPC and AA was obtained in methanolic extract and hexane extract, respectively. Among the different organs, the highest and the lowest TPC and AA were obtained in flower and shoot, respectively. In all solvent extraction, with increasing of concentration from 31.25 to 250 ppm, AA was increased, but showed a slight decrease in the concentration of 500 ppm. The lowest IC50 was observed in ascorbic acid followed by methanolic extract and the highest was obtained in hexane extract. Among different plant parts, the lowest and the highest IC50 were observed in flower and shoot, respectively. It is concluded that P. abrotanoides Karel is a rich source of phenolic compounds. Methanol evaluated as the best solvent for extraction of antioxidant and phenolic compounds.