Challenges of respecting the citizenship rights of the accused in the criminalization process

In conducting the criminalization process, judicial officers face the challenge of observing the civil rights of the accused and establishing security order. This study has been compiled with the aim of identifying the challenges of the civil rights of the accused in the criminalization process.

The present research is applied in terms of type and purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method and qualitative in terms of the nature of the data. The second range includes the statistical population of 114 people, which consists of heads and deputies of all eleven intelligence bases in Greater Tehran and first-level deputies of the NAJA Awareness and Prevention Police Managers, 72 of whom were used as a purposeful sample.

The research findings indicate that the most challenges are related to the judicial process, including lack of immediate access to judicial authorities and lack of legal and appropriate protection of judicial officers, and the least challenges are related to the management process, including lack of facilities and equipment And failure to provide technical and specialized training for the discovery of the grain to the judicial officers.

The challenges are mainly related to the arrest phase and under police supervision, 107 initial codes and 58 sub-themes were identified, which were analyzed in the form of 4 main themes (legal, judicial, police executive, NAJA management). It seems that the best way to observe the citizenship rights of the accused is to obtain the necessary specialized and technical training in the field of crime detection and crime detection by resorting to the techniques of studying legal and legitimate evidence to resolve current legal ambiguities and maintain judicial interactions, especially in crimes.