Measuring the Feeling of Urban Security in Times of Crisis with a Passive Defense Approach (Case Study: Zahedan City)

the attention of managers and officials of any society to passive defense plans provides the necessary grounds for advancing this new approach in order to promote the concept of urban safety and security. In this regard, in the present study, using the passive defense approach, an attempt was made to evaluate urban security from the perspective of citizens and experts in the five regions of Zahedan in times of crisis. The present research is a developmental research based on its purpose, in terms of nature, a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, and according to the method of survey type and descriptive-analytical implementation. SPSS and ARC GIS software and VIKOR model were used to analyze the data. The results of test (T) to measure the dimensions of security (Feeling safe in times of crisis, Cognitive Abilities and institutional capacity) from the perspective of citizens in times of crisis with a passive defense approach, showed that according to the averages obtained for the studied dimensions below The average is (3), which indicates the unsatisfactory level of security among citizens in times of crisis. The leveling results of the five regions of Zahedan in terms of general security assessment indicators in times of crisis using the VIKOR model showed that there are differences and inequalities between the regions of Zahedan in terms of security indicators. In general, Region 1 with a score (0.548) is in the first rank and Region 3 with a score (0.439) is in the last rank.