Analysis of microclimatic effect of large parks on surface temperature adjustment of urban spaces

In this research, the microclimatic effect of large parks in Tehran in summer has been studied. For this purpose, 7 large parks in Tehran have been selected as a sample. To show the effect of green cover in adjusting the temperature of the environment under the tree and the surrounding areas. In this study, using Landsat 8 data, the surface temperature of 7 large parks in Tehran for a hot summer day has been extracted and the temperature changes in the park have been investigated based on density and less density and bare areas. Then, by selecting a cross section between the covered part inside the park to the residential area around the park, the temperature changes have been evaluated. The results of this study showed that the temperature difference caused by radiation from green surfaces and leaves of trees and shade that is created under the tree compared to soil surfaces without asphalt depending on the height of the park between 15 to 9 degrees Celsius, this study also showed that broadleaf species have a much higher role in reducing surface temperature than coniferous species. Regarding the role of the park in regulating the ambient temperature around Lavizan and Sorkheh Hesar parks, the highest temperature adjustment and Chitgar Park had the least adjustment effect on the surrounding residential spaces.In terms of thermal gradient created between the dense area to the residential area around the parks of Kuhsar and Lavizan had the highest thermal pattern.