Modernity and the Consequences of Urbanization in the Novel of Rahesh based on Simmel's views

In a descriptive-analytical manner based on the theoretical views of Georg Simmel, this essay has tried to re-read and analyze Reza Amirkhani's Rahsh, which is written with a modernist approach, relying on the city and urbanization and the consequences of the modern world.The purpose of writing this article is to describe the city of Tehran as a symbol of urban modernity in fiction literature and with the help of the representation of Tehran in fiction, a critical reflection of Iranian modernity is presented and also with the help of sociological approach to modern city representation and incoherent rationality in the daily life and social gaps existing in the lives of citizens and the relations between them reflecting in a story related to a metropolis like Tehran conducted a case study on the story of Rahesh.The city overcomes the inhabitants of the metropolis as objective culture and an object-oriented spirit.The lack of growth of integrated rationality, the gap between objective and subjective culture due to the dominance of monetary economy in the metropolis, causes the equalization of the value of all objects and deprives them of meaning and individuality.Metropolitans seem cold and ruthless to protect themselves by using what Simmel calls precaution.the person's exposure to severe nervous stimuli and the reluctance to be immersed in the chaos of countless external stimuli leads to a kind of alienation and disgust that manifests itself in the form of a bored and self-contained attitude that is the most important psychological characteristic of metropolitan man.