Southern Littoral of the Caspian Sea in the Zoroastrian Tradition

One of the common misconceptions in the historical research of the last two centuries is that the southern part of the Caspian Sea in the Zoroastrian tradition has been the refuge of Diwan and Drujan. This idea is rooted in some historical events such as the domination of the Aryans over the indigenous people and conflict between the Zoroastrian religion and the indigenous religion of the region. The present study investigates the formation and evolution of this image,  examines the causes of this image and measures its validity The research shows that in Zoroastrian texts, Gilan and Mazandaran are not considered the place of the court, but the refuge of the ancient religion and Iranians. Negative views about these areas are a new phenomenon in Iranian studies and have no basis in the Zoroastrian tradition.