Translation and critique and investigation of the entry of Hamza bin Abdulmutallab in the three editions of the Encyclopedia of Islam published by Leiden (EI)

Hamza Ibn Abdulmutallab is one of the most central figures in the history of Islam who has had a significant presence and influence in many events of the time of the Prophet (PBUH), especially during the period of the Besat. It seems that recognizing his position and role in the upheavals of the Besat period can be a criterion for understanding the position of the family of the Prophet (PBUH) in fulfilling the mission. The main issue of the research is that how the authors of the Leiden Encyclopedia of Islam, which is the most famous and most complete encyclopedia in the world, have shown a picture of Hazrat Hamza. In this article, by examining the content of Hamza's three editions written by Henry Lamens, Meredith Owens and Najm Haidar, it was shown that none of these three articles are as encyclopedic as they should be and do not conform to conventional scientific methods. Because these articles are written without a precise reference to historical sources and with a one-sided and prejudicial view. The three authors of Hamzah ibn Abd al-Muttalib's article in the three editions of the Encyclopedia of Islam not only did not use appropriate sources and researches of Muslims, especially Shiites, but even they did not correctly reflect the works and researches of the West writers about Hamzah.