Politicize suffering: An analysis of the transition from Qajri Ritual Power to Pahlavi disciplinary power

Using "normalization" tools and institutions was considered because of an awareness of new methods of politics in the Qajar period. Centered on the Shah in politics; It was the king's power, the king's view, and the king's interpretation of things that ruled over all forces, relying on a kind of "religious power". To form a modern state in the first Pahlavi era, the rule of subjects began with the creation of special techniques based on "disciplinary power". In this transformation, the notion of "body" as one of the major components of the functioning of power relations is important because they apply all these actions to the subject's body. the question of this article is: How is the suffering inflicted on the bodies of the subjects, has it become a political tool, and through it, has political technology governed politics? In response to the research question, this hypothesis is raised: During the rule of Qajar and the first Pahlavi, In the process of the mechanisms of religious power and its evolution, the subject, and her body are transformed into disciplinary power and become obedient and sublime objects. This research has been done by using the method of genealogical research of tourists' memoirs and reports, government orders and stakeholders and historical narrations in governance in this period, and tries to call the approaches of the Qajar and Pahlavi governments by emphasizing "politicization of suffering" to deal with this subject. Ultimately, it explains how the "subject" becomes obedient and sublime objects.