Spatial distribution inequality of technology units and knowledge-based companies and technology concentration coefficient in Iranian provinces

In order to achieve sustainable and inclusive growth and development and competition in the global arena, Iran needs an economic transformation from a source-oriented economy to a knowledge-based economy. Among these, knowledge-based companies are considered as developing and creating such a transformation. Therefore, in Iran, knowledge-based companies have recently become the focus of the country's officials. But a very important point in this is the lack of equal distribution of knowledge-based companies in different regions of the country. In this paper, to investigate the inequality of spatial distribution of technology units and knowledge-based companies and technology concentration coefficient in Iranian provinces, evaluation of the level of activity of knowledge-based companies in science and technology parks as an institutional reference for the development of this ecosystem Is presented. For this purpose, inequality coefficient measurement indicators have been used. The results of this study confirm that among the 30 provinces studied, the highest number of technology and research and development units located in the multi-tenant and land sector is 226 and the highest number of knowledge-based companies (start-ups, manufacturing and industrial) is 88 and related to Sheikh Baha'i Science and Technology Park has been in Isfahan province. The highest total sales of technology units were related to the Science and Technology Park of Tehran Campus. According to the study of inequality indicators such as Gini coefficient, Tile index, Atkinson, Dalton and Herfindahl, the findings indicate a high regional inequality coefficient in the country.