Application of the "harmless rule" in the law of the Persian Gulf from a jurisprudential point of view

The no-harm rule The jurisprudential rule is taken from the text of the prophetic hadith "no harm and no harm in Islam" which indicates the denial of harm to oneself and others in Islam and its sanctity. The no-harm rule is one of the well-known rules that is used in most chapters of jurisprudence, and in its importance it has been said that it is one of the five rules on which jurisprudential issues are based. The "harmless rule" is one of the rules: which has a valid jurisprudential and rational document and is indicated by several verses and narrations. And it has "rule" over many other jurisprudential rules. The provisions of the no-harm rule are "absolute" and therefore include any harm. According to Article 18 1 1 of the 1982 Convention on the Law of the Sea: "Safe passage" is a right recognized under the conditions for the passage of foreign ships in the territorial sea. Paragraph 2 of Article 19 of the Convention lists eleven cases of "harmful instances". Pursuant to the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 21 of the 1982 Convention on the Sea, the Government of the Islamic Republic has the authority to legislate and implement it in its territorial waters and can prevent any damage from foreign ships.