The Water-Energy Nexus of the Sewage Sludge Supply Chain Under Disruption : A Scenario-Based Robust Model

Today, energy shortages and the decline in water supplies leading to the risk of drought, have become two major challenges worldwide. The purpose of this research is to study the impact of water-energy interactions on national policy making and objective-oriented government planning. For this purpose, a robust multi-objective model for reliable supply chain design of bioenergy production through joint anaerobic digestion of waste-water sludge under minor disturbances following drought has been presented. While the economic objective function examines the profit maximization, the environmental objective function examines the maximization of the environmental efficiency of the process. In order to fully evaluate the efficiency of the proposed model, several provinces of arid, semi-arid and humid regions of the country have been considered as case studies. The results show that it is possible to construct a power plant in the two provinces of Isfahan and Golestan. On the other, with regard to the changes in non-deterministic parameters, the proposed approach has a better resilience than the classical stochastic model. The results will help macroeconomic managers make better use of all primary resources to better manage the problems of drought and adverse environmental impacts of advanced industries.