فصلنامه مدیریت زنجیره تامین
پیاپی 72 (پاییز 1400)

In the past, the industries focused on the economic aspect of their work. Nowadays, they must also consider the supply chain sustainability as a long-term strategy to maintain their competitive advantages. Hence the social and environmental effects of the supply chain are taken into account. The aim of this study is the analysis and step-wise assessment of the supply chain sustainability toward improving the industries’ competitive advantages in the Bushehr province cement companies based on the LARG supply chain competitive strategies. Based on literature review, LARG stands for Lean, Agile, Resilient, and Green, and the dimensions of supply chain sustainability are identified and classified as economic, social, and environmental. The statistical population includes 20 experts in Bushehr province cement companies and among them 10 people are selected due to their experience and background. The questionnaires related to a multi-criteria decision-making technique named the step-wise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA) technique, are used for calculating the weight and rank of each LARG competitive supply chain strategies and supply chain sustainability dimensions. The results show that the ‘Green’ strategy is the most important strategy in Bushehr province cement companies supply chain with the weight of 0.41, and the other strategies and their relevant weights are ranked as follows: Lean (0.28), Agile (0.18) and Resilient (0.13). The results also show that in order to gain supply chain sustainability in Bushehr cement industries, the environmental, social responsibility and economic dimensions would have the weights of 0.48, 0.31 and 0.21 respectively, demonstrating the environmental dimension as the most important dimension in the supply chain sustainability.

The accomplishment of construction projects requires the use of a significant amount of human, financial, technical, and organizational resources, and any disruption in their supply chain directly threatens the project life and financial resources, and may even cause the project to stop. Thus, identifying the potential disorders, their consequences and risks, and developing strategies to deal with them is of great importance. This research develops one-objective and two-objective mathematical optimization models for the simultaneous selection of suppliers and disorder preventive solutions. The purpose of the first model is to minimize the total of four types of material purchase costs, project completion fines, project activity costs, and material transportation costs. The second model aims to minimize the project completion time and, therefore, the possible delay in the project delivery time. In addition to the direct cost of the fine, this delay significantly reduces the contractor's credit and may lead to the non-conclusion of other contracts. This study also shows how analyzing and comparing the problem-solving results in both single-objective and multi-objective models can help to understand the problem better. We have solved a numerical example with GAMS software and analyzed the sensitivity analysis of the model results to demonstrate that the proposed models are applicable.

Today, the competitive business environment has led to increasing cooperation among companies as the members of supply chain networks. In this area, the supply chain logistics network design is an important subject due to its effect on the responsiveness and efficiency. Over the past few years, due to environmental issues, their legal requirements and economic benefits, great attention has been paid to inverse logistics. In this paper, a mixed integer stochastic location-inventory model has been proposed for the integrated design of the network of a multi-period multi-product closed loop supply chain considering multiple capacity levels for facilities. The market demand and correspondingly the return value are considered to be uncertain in order to make the model close to the real-life conditions. Since the capacitated facility location problem considered in this research is an NP-hard type problem, we have used two meta-heuristic algorithms including the genetic algorithm (GA) and the Bees algorithms (BA) for solving this problem. Some numerical problems are designed and solved to assess the performance of the model and solution heuristics. From the viewpoint of solution quality, the BA outperforms the GA (by an average of 11.6%) whilst from the viewpoint of solution time, the GA is five times faster than the BA on average.

Given the increasing competition in global trade and the needs of domestic and foreign markets, evaluating the suppliers’ performance quality is essential for petrochemical companies, because it leads to improved competitiveness and increased business opportunities. Therefore, in this research, a mathematical model based on the data envelopment analysis and the Nash approach has been used to evaluate the suppliers which have a wide range of activities and highly competitive advantages. For the case study, the performance of 17 suppliers of instrumentation equipment in Borzouyeh Petrochemical Company has been evaluated. First, using the opinions and experiences of petrochemical company experts, 22 criteria effective in assessing the quality of suppliers of instrumentation equipment were identified and the relationships between them were also analyzed. These criteria were divided into four main categories: "economy and cost, quality and technology, supplier characteristics and services provided by the supplier". Based on the selected criteria and using the mathematical model of the research, the performance of each supplier was evaluated. Finally, after performing the analysis by GAMS software, the suppliers were ranked according to the performance obtained from the final model. As a result, the Pars Sanat Kaveh Company with an efficiency of 0.9858 was selected as the top supplier.stage.

Today, energy shortages and the decline in water supplies leading to the risk of drought, have become two major challenges worldwide. The purpose of this research is to study the impact of water-energy interactions on national policy making and objective-oriented government planning. For this purpose, a robust multi-objective model for reliable supply chain design of bioenergy production through joint anaerobic digestion of waste-water sludge under minor disturbances following drought has been presented. While the economic objective function examines the profit maximization, the environmental objective function examines the maximization of the environmental efficiency of the process. In order to fully evaluate the efficiency of the proposed model, several provinces of arid, semi-arid and humid regions of the country have been considered as case studies. The results show that it is possible to construct a power plant in the two provinces of Isfahan and Golestan. On the other, with regard to the changes in non-deterministic parameters, the proposed approach has a better resilience than the classical stochastic model. The results will help macroeconomic managers make better use of all primary resources to better manage the problems of drought and adverse environmental impacts of advanced industries.

The purpose of this study is to present a local strategy in the field of maintenance and explain its various dimensions and components, taking into account the successful global experiences, special considerations and requirements governing Iran's economic and industrial ecosystem, resistive economy policies, indigenous culture, indigenous moral values, and maintenance issues. The statistical population of this study consists of the experts in the field of maintenance and repairs in the country.The sampling is performed in a targeted manner and to the extent of achieving theoretical saturation, which is obtained through interviews with twenty experts. The collected data are analysed using the data-based method and their open, axial and selective codes are extracted at each stage. The final research model consists of seventeen main themes in four areas of soft strategy infrastructure, technical foundations, manpower continuity and appropriate support. The research findings are used in a military organization and the results are briefly reported in the form of a research action.