Historical and social customs of the Turksand its Elements and Belonging in Hafiz’s Poem

The social and historical events of a period could be involved in the area of the literature, if it is rational. The entrances and residences of the Turks in Iran was a new phenomenon which was mentioned in the literary sources such as Hafiz’s poem.Reflections of social and historical characteristics as well as the poet’s success in using the relevant elements and the belongings in the poems are a considerable subject that attracts few attentions until now. This research with its descriptive-analytic approach tends to answers these questions. Which relative characteristics and elements to those Turks were generated in Hafiz’s poem and how has the poet known and how successful he has been in using these concepts and elements in his divan? The findings show that Hafiz’s poems was a context to improve a regeneration process of those rituals, social, historical characteristics as well as behavioral and individualistic trait along with The class of slaves and bondwomen as an emerged class which derived from the presence of Turks in Iranian society. Reference to some of the historical, social and personal customs and characteristics of the Turks, such as: looting, courage, beauty, aggression, chaotic city along with their tribe, coffin and hat, as well as the common names and letters of the Turks, slaves and maids Such as: Banafsheh, Farrokh, and creating an amazing sensory and mental atmosphere from it through the ambiguity of proportion and other literary industries, expressing Hafez''s high awareness of the attraction and companionship of this social group in Iranian society and its dragging.