Analysis of Iran's foreign policy during the reign of the Second Orodes II

Roman domination of many of the Parthian lands near the Euphrates and the annexation of Armenia reinforced the idea of Mesopotamian domination for the growing Roman power. Parthian internal strife at the beginning of Orodes II and the Roman conquest of Pontus and Armenia, as a result of Iran's neutrality during the reign of Phraates III, reinforced the idea of attacking Parthian territory in Mesopotamia for Roman generals. But the defeat of Rome in the Battle of Carrhae as a result of the proximity of Iran and Armenia upset the Roman equation for domination of the Orient. This study seeks to prove the claim that the Parthians in the Second Orodes period, after ending internal strife and strengthening internal forces to counter Roman power, the most important issue they faced was to re-infiltrate Armenia. Because they were aware of the role of Armenia in thwarting the Roman conspiracy, and for the first time in their first war with Rome, they at the same time invaded Armenia to challenge Roman hegemony and power in the northern Mesopotamia and Syria.