Pharmacogenomics approach in psychiatry disorders

Psychiatric disorders are important health issues in the world, and their management is facing some serious challenges. Drugs that are widely used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers, are often associated with many side effects and are adequately effective only in a small proportion of patients. Many factors, including genetic factors, affect the effectiveness of medications prescribed for mental health disorders.  Pharmacogenetics is the study of the association between genetic variations in genes encoding carriers, receptors, and drug-metabolizing enzymes with drug response. Many genes have been identified as affecting the drugs responsible for psychiatric disorders and genetic variation can lead to variations in the efficacy and side effects of drugs. This review article summarizes some psychiatric drugs and related genes, which could have potential functional effects.