Association of Serum Magnesium Level with Glycemic Control, Serum Lipids and Renal Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Pre-Diabetic Patients

Diabetes is one of the most common non-communicable diseases with debilitating complications and mortality rate those results from insulin deficiency, resistance to it or both. The role of nutrition and some micronutrients in the development and progression of diabetes has been investigated. Studies have shown that Magnesium deficiency can reduce insulin secretion and cell resistance. This study was done to determine the association of serum Magnesium level with glycemic control, serum lipids and renal function in type 2 diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetic patients.

This case-control study was done on 70 patients with type 2 diabetes, pre-diabetes and 35 healthy individuals. Fasting glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, creatinine and Magnesium were determined.

Serum Magnesium level in diabetic and pre-diabetic patients were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). Serum Magnesium level had reverses correlation with HbA1c in diabetic patients. Serum Magnesium level had reverse correlation with glycemic index (FBS, 2hpp) and creatinine in control group (P<0.05) were evaluated in all groups but there was no significant correlation between Renal function test (Cr, eGFR) and serum Mg level.

Serum Magnesium levels in diabetics and pre-diabetics were lower than healthy individuals and had reverse correlation with HbA1c in diabetic patients.