Introducing the non-destructive method of photogrammetry in the study and servey of historical monuments

Cultural heritage is an invaluable asset to human beings that reflects their achievements over the centuries. The need to identify and protect cultural heritage is well understood, and experts strive to use every means possible to achieve this goal. Preservation and restoration of cultural heritage include conservation of historic buildings using all new technologies that are as effective as possible in maintaining the original condition. They are often associated with geometric surveying, surveillance, and heritage documentation. This article introduces the science of photogrammetry, types, tools, and techniques by reviewing and analyzing 20 reputable publications articles in the last five years. this article demonstrates the efficiency of this technology in the conservation, restoration, and documentation of cultural heritage by introducing some comparative examples in the present era. Documenting monuments is the first step to any intervention and planning. Architectural heritage photogrammetry is a helpful and standard process for obtaining accurate 3D data for documentation and virtualizing historical monuments.  Also is one of the most recommended non-invasive methods, consisting of techniques for interpreting, measuring, and modeling objects by the basis of images obtained from them. According to studies, the science of photogrammetry is one of the most widely used, cheapest, and most available non-destructive technologies in restoration science, and with the advancement of science, newer and more efficient tools and methods in this field are presented.