The Architectural Formation and Establishment Arrangement of Heilevar Man-made Cave Settlement

The formation of human settlement has always been based on natural factors such as water and soil and has been affected by various natural features, economic and other characteristics. Factors such as altitude, slope, rivers, climatic factors and lithology are some of which play a more effective role in this field. The aim of this study was to investigate the establishment status of Heilevar, historical settlement in terms of natural criteria and also the action of climatic factors on the type and style of architecture and the formation of its historical context. In the following, the study and recognition of effective historical elements in the appearance, formation and development of the Heilevar settlement in order to meet human needs during the life of the complex will be evaluated. For this reason, by using the information and resources available in libraries as well as the archives of the Cultural Heritage Organization of East Azerbaijan Province and also visiting the site of the studied historical settlement and finally, the descriptive research method analyzes the obtained data and the role of each factor in the location, as well as the formation of the structure, elements, and equipment of the Heilevar settlement, are discussed. The results of the studies show that the above-mentioned natural factors such as topography, water resources, rich soil, and suitable climate, have a significant influence on the location and formation and structure of the Heilevar settlement. According to the results of the research in the study of residence, the climate factor has a high impact, because it has been effective in the type and style of architecture of the historical complex (centralized and introverted architecture).