Induction of apoptosis in breast cancer 4T1 cells by Naringin-based nanoparticles

The main objective of this study was to develop and characterize NRG-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (NRG-SLNs) on the breast cancer cell line (4T1).

NRG-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by hot-melt emulsification and high-speed homogenization method. The cytotoxicity of NRG-SLNs was evaluated by measuring the viability of 4T1 cells using the MTT assay. Additionally, the induction of pro- apoptotic proteins and suppression of anti-apoptotic ones by NRG-SLNs were analyzed through using Western-blotting method.

The prepared NRG-SLNs had mean size of 84 nm, zeta potential of −21 mV and the entrapment efficiency of 73.17%. IC50 values of 4T1 cells treated with NRG-SLNs were 20 μM at 24 h and 2 μM at 48 h of incubation. The western blot analysis showed that NRG-SLNs could increase Bax / BCL2 ratio compared to the control group. Based on the results, level of Bax, p-ASK1 and cytochrome c enhanced in the treatment group.

In conclusion, NRG-SLNs may have the potential to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in the breast cancer cells of 4T1.