Correlation between Clinical and Personal Characteristics of Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units with Deep Vein Thrombosis of the Lower Extremities

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) is one of the most common problems in Intensive Care Units (ICU). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between clinical and demographic characteristics with lower extremity DVT in patients admitted to ICU.

The present study is a retrospective case-control study that was performed on 504 patients admitted to the ICUs of Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan during 2014-2019. Samples were easily included in the case group (89) and in the control group (415), randomly. Data were collected using a two-part questionnaire of demographic and clinical characteristics, then descriptive and analytical statistical tests such as two-sample independent t-test and if necessary Mann-Whitney were used and were eventually analyzed with SPSS version 21.

The results showed that the mean age of participants was about 53 years, although the mean age in the case group was higher than the control group (p=0.004), but after controlling sex and underlying diseases, had no effect on thrombosis (0.075). The chance of developing thrombosis in men was 1.7 times higher than women (p=0.029). The pao2 / fio2 index in patients with thrombosis (0.61±0.02) was significantly lower than the control group (5.5±2.1) (p<0.0001). After controlling for the effect of age and sex, the chance of thrombosis in patients with hypertension, diabetes, pulmonary embolism and previous history of thrombosis (p<0.0001), 2.6 (p<0.0001), respectively, 3.3 (p=0.006), 1/2 (p<0.0001) 8.1 (p<0.0001) was 36.3. Inactivity with a chance of 29.9 (p=0.0001) was the most important risk factor in ICU for thrombosis.

The results of this study show that having certain characteristics and having some underlying diseases due to which patients are admitted to special wards, increases the chance of developing DVT. Therefore, nurses can pay more attention to them in preventive planning and reducing their incidence.