From the meaningful Structure of the Novel "Return to the Deportation" yb "Abual-Muati AbualNaja" to the Structure of Egypt Society

Sociological criticism examines the relationship between a literary work and society and their interplay. Whereas the literary text, as a meaningful whole, establishes a dialectical relationship with society, history, politics, and economics; So, the sociological study of literary texts requires a method that can explain the relationship between the construction and content of the literary work and the social structure. Thus, the present study intends to use the method of qualitative content analysis to criticize the structure of a literary work and its most basic elements including theme, worldview, the hero character in the novel " Return to Deportation "(Based on the Developmental Constructivism Theory) and then important infrastructure of Egypt society at the time of Egyptian author, Abu al-Muati Abu al-Naja. This novel was based on Goldman's developmental constructivist theory at two levels of perception and interpretation. The results of the research show that Abu al-Muati, by theme depicting political corruption, class distance, social oppression, and economic poverty, has provided the ground for discovering the relationship between the structure of his literary work and the structure of Egyptian society in the period 1859-1877. The author's worldview is also reflected in the collective consciousness of the middle class, which the problematic hero of this collective consciousness has led to possible consciousness. On the other hand, in the interpretation stage, to make the literary text comprehensible, the relationship between the literary work and social, political, and economic structures was explained. And this indicates that there is harmony and accommodation between the meaningful structure of Abu al-Muati's novel with the political, social, and economic structure of Egyptian society in the foregoing period