The Scope of Budget Acts in France

Compared to ordinary laws, budget acts must be prepared and proposed by the Government in a short period and reviewed and approved by Parliament. This short time frame has led both the Executive and the Legislator to include or add to the bill items that have nothing to do with the scope of these laws, i.e. public revenues and expenditures, but can be used at the end of the fiscal year and passed them away from the attention of public opinion and the media. Such a ploy violates, above all, the principles of lawmaking today (such as the specific subject matter of each law and the quality of the law). That is why the laws provide for solutions to prevent it. In this analytical-critical article, we will examine this phenomenon in France and the strategies that were developed in the Fifth Republic, based on the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Council, to reduce it. Since there is a similar problem in Iran, the achievements of the French model can be instructive for the legislator and the body that controls the compatibility of laws with the Constitution.