A comparative study on the Position of Moral in western and Islamic political thought

This paper argues that though moral concepts has been current in western socio-political thought and western scholars have dealt with it in detail, their attention to the subject can never be comparable with what has been paid to it in Islamic world. For them, moral values have not been known of a fundamental part. Furthermore, some eminent western scholars have taken a fully opposite position against using moral values in socio-political life. To argue for the claim, the followings have been carefully studied: extending justice, opposing injustice, negation of power-seeking and selfishness, feeling love to all people, open and respectful meeting with public ideas, obeying moral values when meeting enemy, feeling responsibility for one's lawful obligations and think the power and office as responsibility. The great attention paid to the mentioned factors in Islam shows that in Islamic society moral values form the foundation and basis of policy; in other words, in Islam policy and government are directed in such a manner that leads to the development of moral values. Therefore in such a state, education and moral principles are really considered as a practical criterion for legislators and as a basis for rulers when making decision and administrating.