The effect of education based on health belief model on health-promoting the lifestyle of patients with type 2 diabetes

The goal of diabetes management is to prevent the complications of the disease by promoting health behaviors that require lifestyle changes. This study was conducted to determine the effect of education based on the Health Belief Model on the health-promoting lifestyle of patients with type 2 diabetes.

This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in 2021. The samples were 60 patients with type 2 diabetes who were selected by available sampling and divided into intervention and control groups with randomization software. Data collection tools were demographic and Walker lifestyle questionnaires. The samples answered the questionnaires before the intervention. The intervention group trained in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours based on the health belief model. The control group received routine training. One month later, the Walker questionnaire was completed again. Data analysis was performed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods (paired, independent t-test, chi-square, Mann-Whitney) in SPSS-20 software.

The mean score of health-promoting lifestyle before the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.05) but after the intervention was significantly higher than the control group (p=0). The mean score before and after training was significantly different in the intervention group (p=0), but was not significant in the control group (p=0.563).

Education based on the Health Belief Model can improve the lifestyle of patients with type 2 diabetes, which needs to be considered in educating patients based on cultural issues governing society.