نشریه دانشور پزشکی
پیاپی 160 (امرداد و شهریور 1401)

Many studies have shown that placenta derivatives can play a role in wound healing; however, the exact role of the placenta extracellular matrix in skin wound healing is unclear. Accordingly, the present study investigated the effects of placental extracellular matrix on diabetic wound healing in an animal model.

In this experimental-laboratory study, human placenta was decellularized and extracellular matrix was prepared. Streptozotocin induced diabetic male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control group (n=9) and group treated with placental extracellular matrix (n=9). Wounds with a diameter of 0.8 cm were created in the back of rats. On days 0, 7, 14 and 21 the wound area was measured using ImageJ software. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare wound area between groups.

Wound area significantly decreased on the 14th and 21st days after treatment compared to the first day of experiment in control and treatment groups. Unlike the treatment group, the wound area was not significantly different 7 days after treatment compared to the first day of experiment in control group. There was more reduction in wound area on day 21 in treatment group than the group treated with acellular placenta.

The extracellular matrix has a significant role in accelerating the healing process of skin wounds in diabetic cases in an animal model. The findings of this study can be applied to the treatment plan of skin wounds in diabetic patients.

Interleukin-6 is one of the cytokines whose increase and role in the pathogenesis of Covid-19 has been reported in various studies. Interleukin-6 affects environmental factors and genes, including polymorphic sites in the IL-6 gene. In the present study, the rs1800795 polymorphism located in the IL6 gene region was investigated.

Participants in this study were divided into outpatient (n=245) and inpatient (n=245) groups due to COVID-19. Peripheral blood samples were taken from patients and their DNA was extracted, then rs1800795 polymorphism genotype was measured by Tetra Arms PCR. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Chi-Square and t-test students.

The mean age of patients in the outpatient group was        41.6±12.3 years but in the inpatient group was 61±17.1 years (P-value <0.001); There was also a significant difference in the frequency of smokers and patients with kidney problems (P-value <0.05) as well as patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and a history of heart disease (P-value <0.001) in outpatient and inpatient groups. The frequency of G alleles in the inpatient group was significantly lower than the outpatient group (P-value = 0.045).

The frequency of polymorphism variants of rs1800795 interleukin-6 varies in different groups of Covid-19 patients with varying degrees of clinical symptoms, and the G allele may possibly play a protective role against COVID-19.

Chronic renal failure is a progressive and irreversible disease in which the kidneys lose their function. This disease affects the quality of life of patients. The study of the dimensions of quality of life in patients undergoing dialysis is necessary to design educational interventions. This study was performed with the aim of determining the factors affecting the quality of life in hemodialysis patients.

The study was a cross-sectional study that examined the quality of life of all patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis (80 people) in two hospitals of Imam Khomeini and Ayatollah Boroujerdi, Boroujerd city in 2021. Data collection was the standard quality of life questionnaire for kidney patients (KDQOL-SF). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency and mean as well as independent t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient.

The mean of the total quality of life score was 47.86± 6.22. Also, there was a significant relationship between the patient's perception of health status and the quality of life level (p = 0.005); so that the more a person considered his health status weaker the quality of life score also decreases. Also, Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant negative correlation between age and quality of life (p=0.001, r=0.390).

The results of this study showed a low level of quality of life in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Since stx1 and stx2 genes are plasmids and can be transferred between strains and species of Escherichia, therefore Escherichia that has one or both of these genes will be verotoxigenic. This research was conducted for the first time in Iran with the aim of investigating the presence of stx1 and stx2 genes in Escherichia alberti identified from patients with diarrhea and urinary infections in Kermanshah city.

60 urine samples and 40 fecal samples that were identified in Escherichia coli clinical laboratories were re-investigated in terms of phenotypic and biochemical characteristics.  Then, by using the specific primers, detection of lysP, mdh genes for E. albertii, uidA gene for E. coli and subsequently stx1, stx2 genes was performed by PCR method.

Phenotypic and biochemical tests indicated that all specimens matched the characteristics of Escherichia coli, but PCR findings showed that six of them belonged to Escherichia albertii (6%). The presence of the stx1 gene in one of the six Escherichia albertii samples was also demonstrated (16.66%).

The findings of this study showed that Escherichia albertii which is mistakenly diagnosed as Escherichia coli in clinical laboratories, can harbor stx genes and this matter is important in clinical aspects. Therefore, the use of molecular methods can help identify it more accurately.

The goal of diabetes management is to prevent the complications of the disease by promoting health behaviors that require lifestyle changes. This study was conducted to determine the effect of education based on the Health Belief Model on the health-promoting lifestyle of patients with type 2 diabetes.

This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in 2021. The samples were 60 patients with type 2 diabetes who were selected by available sampling and divided into intervention and control groups with randomization software. Data collection tools were demographic and Walker lifestyle questionnaires. The samples answered the questionnaires before the intervention. The intervention group trained in 8 sessions of 1.5 hours based on the health belief model. The control group received routine training. One month later, the Walker questionnaire was completed again. Data analysis was performed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistical methods (paired, independent t-test, chi-square, Mann-Whitney) in SPSS-20 software.

The mean score of health-promoting lifestyle before the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups (p=0.05) but after the intervention was significantly higher than the control group (p=0). The mean score before and after training was significantly different in the intervention group (p=0), but was not significant in the control group (p=0.563).

Education based on the Health Belief Model can improve the lifestyle of patients with type 2 diabetes, which needs to be considered in educating patients based on cultural issues governing society.

Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers that causes many deaths worldwide. Efforts to find compounds with anti-cancer potential, especially from marine environments due to the richness of these environments in the field of organisms producing bioactive compounds, are among the topics of interest to researchers. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Sargassum tenerrimum seaweed extract on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene in colorectal cancer cells.

In the present study, three methanolic, chloroform and hydroalcoholic extracts of Sargassum tenerrimum seaweed from Persian Gulf were prepared and the effect of three concentrations 250, 500 and 750 mg/ml of each extract on VEGF expression was evaluated in SW742 cells of colorectal cancer using Real Time PCR. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA along with LSD test.

The results showed that hydroalcoholic extracts at concentrations of 500 and 750 mg/ml and chloroform and methanolic extracts at concentrations of 700 mg/ml caused a significant decrease in VEGF expression in SW742 cells (P <0.05).

These results indicate the anti-cancer potential of Sargassum tenerrimum extract by reducing VEGF expression and angiogenesis.

The liver is the largest gland in the body with multiple functions. Methotrexate causes acute and chronic liver damage. In this study, the effects of diosgenin were investigated as a steroidal sapogenin on mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and neutrophil infiltration activity in a methotrexate-induced liver injury model in male rats.

40 rats in 5 groups; control, control treated with diosgenin 50 mg/kg, methotrexate at a dose of 20 mg/kg (i.p) and two groups treated with diosgenin at doses 10, 50 mg/kg (gavage) were divided. The rats were anesthetized and the liver tissue was isolated after killing. After tissue homogeneity, neutrophil infiltration activity and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured. For statistical analysis, one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test were used, and the significance level was p <0.05.

The potential of the mitochondrial membrane in the methotrexate group treated with diosgenin 10 mg/kg was significantly reduced compared to the control group and in the group treated with diosgenin 50 mg/kg was significantly increased compared to methotrexate. On the other hand, myeloperoxidase increased significantly in the methotrexate group and treated with diosgenin 10 mg/kg compared to the control group and decreased significantly in the group treated with diosgenin 50 mg/kg compared to the methotrexate group.

Diosgenin at a dose of 50 mg/kg in the methotrexate-induced liver injury model was able to improve mitochondrial health and reduced neutrophil infiltration.

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an inflammatory factor which has an important role in pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Aim of present study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks resistance training on serum amyloid A protein levels and insulin resistance in sedentary obese women.

24 sedentary obese women aged 20 to 35 years old assigned to control (12 person) and resistance training (12 person) groups. Resistance training program completed during 12 weeks/ three sessions per week with 75 percent of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and four sets with 8-12 repetitions. Before starting training program and two days after last training session, blood samples collected and SAA, glucose and insulin levels were measured. Present findings analyzed with SPSS software version 24. Analysis of covariance test were used for comparing groups changes, and intra-group changes determined using paired t test.

According to study findings, serum levels of SAA in resistance training program group compared to control group significantly decreased (p=0.015). In addition, significant decrease in insulin resistance in resistance training group compared to control group was observed (p=0.001). Intra-group analysis represented a significant decrease in SAA levels in the resistance training group (p=0.048) and non-significant changes in the control group (p=0.389).

The resistance training program leads to the improvement of insulin resistance in obese women by reducing the levels of inflammatory factors such as SAA. Nevertheless, identifying the mechanisms of reducing SAA levels by exercise training requires further investigation.