The concept of negative liberty and its critique based on the Quranic principles of Allameh Tabatabai

The present article seeks to critically evaluate the negative concept of liberty based on the text-based interpretation method and based on the Quranic principles of Allameh Tabatabai. In this regard, first a comprehensive explanation of this concept is provided and then based on the verses of the Holy Quran to critique its basis. Individualism, as the basic principle of negative liberty, presents an independent narrative of man, based on which individual will becomes the determining axis of human liberties. However, such an understanding of man is in conflict with his truth as the caliph of God Almighty. In the Qur'anic view, man, because he is the caliph of God Almighty, enjoys liberty and a wide range of sovereignty; But this benefit is not independent, primary and per se, but secondary. Relying on the will of the individual (human employer nature) is something that makes human social life authoritarian. Man can be freed from tyranny and enjoy his liberties and the cooperative human life only if the element of "Truth" prevails in social life, is at the center of arbitration, and determines the framework of individual and social liberties.