Ijtihad based on the concept of public interest in Naini’s political thought as a pragmatic political jurisprudence

General interest in Shiite political jurisprudence is known as a late concept, and in jurisprudential discourse in the field of governance, this issue is less addressed in general and political matters. However, this concept is one of the main components in the formation of the constitutional government in the time of the Absence in Naini’s political thought, with an explanation based on reason and expression. This important approach was introduced and developed at the beginning of the constitutional revolution by this great jurist and Shiite religious authority in the contemporary era and paved the way for the establishment of the constitutional government in the time of the Absence. And is considered as one of the pillars of the new political thought, which Allameh Naini has interpreted with an intra-religious and reasoned approach in his treatise “Alert the nation and the religion”. Using Skinner's interpretive approach and focusing on the normative terms of "public interest" at the "time", this study tries to show in what context Naini thought, while focusing on Allameh Naini's thinking in the "context", and his idea developed precisely with the pragmatic ijtihad in Shiite political jurisprudence to fight against tyranny and its rejection and to ensure the general interest of the Islamic community and all citizens. The main research question based on the subject mentioned in this article is organized in such a way that “what is the ijtihad of Allameh Naini based on the concept of public interest in his political thought?”. The research hypothesis states that Naini’s political thought in defending constitutionalism based on dynamic ijtihad in Shiite political jurisprudence is one of the important examples of pragmatism and politics, which is based on the observance of public interests in accordance with rational and narrative arguments in the time of the Absence.