Effect of Resource Management, Method and Time of Irrigation on Flower Quantitative Yield and Quality Characteristics of Saffron

Due to the dry climate and severe water shortages in the northeastern regions of the country, the cultivation of crops that have low water requirements and at the same time have good economic productivity is considered. In this regard, a study in the form of a randomized complete block design with three treatments: type of irrigation source (well water W1 and treated wastewater of municipal wastewater W2), type of irrigation system (irrigation surface S1 and subsurface irrigation of drops S2) and time Irrigation (custom of the region or 15 Mehr T1, 15 days delay T2 and 30 days delay T3) was done in the crop year 1398 in Torbat Heydariyeh. The results of data analysis and comparison of the mean of treatments showed that due to the interaction of water type, type of irrigation system and irrigation time on all quantitative and qualitative indicators of saffron (number of flowers, fresh weight of flowers, dry weight of stigma, dry weight of cream, coarse index Flower, picroxine, crocin, safranal, moisture, mold and total coliform) except for the stigma dry weight which was significant at 5% probability level, other traits became insignificant. The highest values for number of flowers, fresh flower weight and stigma dry weight were observed in W1S1T2 treatment with values of 55.3 per square meter, 16.6 and 0.85 g / m2, respectively. The results also showed that in the qualitative traits of picroxine, crocin and safranal, the best value for W2S2T3 treatment with 93, 33.6 and 263.3 (maximum absorption) and the best total coliform in W1S1T3 treatment with 11000 units per gram was obtained. Came. In general, municipal wastewater (Taking into account health and food issues), subsurface system and other irrigation times can be used in saffron cultivation.