Clothing and its role in reflecting the social differences of the Qajar era based on Bourdieu's theory of distinction

In the Qajar period, clothing, in addition to being an urgent and basic need of every Iranian, was also a commodity to show class identity and distinction.In this research, descriptive-analytical method and using Pierre Bourdieu's theory of "social differentiation", the question is answered: Are clothes among the Qajar Iranians just a commodity to meet the basic needs of life such as protection against cold and heat or Was it to prevent nudity or, in addition, did it have other functions such as showing social distinction?The research hypothesis is that clothing, in addition to being a means to meet the basic needs of life, but on the other hand has been a good tool to show pride and aristocratic personality and thus reflect the social differences between the upper and lower classes of society.Findings show that although the lower classes in Iran in the Qajar era mostly based on their necessity-like nature, they looked at clothes as a commodity to meet the basic needs of life such as protection against cold, heat and nudity, or based on Their job was to find cheap and durable clothing, For this reason, they could not pay much attention to the artistic and aesthetic approach of clothing, but the upper classes, whose basic needs were met, instead of spending their artistic and aesthetic taste, focused more on being expensive, Beauty and the use of luxuries in their clothes to show their social identity and differentiation from the lower classes.